CHILE AND REGIONAL INTEGRATION OVER 50 YEARS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22370/pe.2023.15.4018Keywords:
trade policy, free trade agreements, regional integration, globalization, trade liberalizationAbstract
One of the pillars of the deep economic reforms implemented by the military dictatorship was the reform of trade policy. This began early when just four months after taking power, the elimination and reduction of the multiple tariff and non-tariff barriers that prevented imports was announced. Given that the new trade policy clashed with that of the Andean Pact of which Chile was a founding member, its withdrawal from the bloc was agreed was mutually agreed in 1976. Chile was not active again in Latin American regional integration until the return of democracy in 1990.
This document addresses the relationship between Chile and other Latin American integration institutions during the military regime and then analyzes the history of bilateral agreement negotiations. either with countries in the Latin American region or outside it during the last 33 years. We highlight the factors that contributed to Chile’s successful regional reintegration into Latin America, without neglecting the global insertion already achieved, and simultaneously expanding the deepening of economic relations with economies on four continents with complex free trade agreements.
When democracy was restored, Chile did not have free trade agreements; it currently has 27 fee trade agreements with 63 economies. At the same time, the percentage of Chilean exports regulated by a free trade agreement increased from 0% in 1990 to 94% in 2022. Another notable aspect, responsible for the success, is that the continuity of this policy was maintained for 30 years.
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