Individualización colectiva y emergencia de la organismalidad

Isaac Hernández; Davide Vecchi

doi:10.22370/rhv2019iss14pp335-362

Autores/as

Isaac Hernández Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès
Davide Vecchi Centro de Filosofia das Ciências, Departamento de História e Filosofia das Ciências, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22370/rhv2019iss14pp335-362

Palabras clave:

individuación biológica, asociación, emergencia, organismalidad, complejidad biológica

Resumen

En este artículo nos centramos en la emergencia de la individualidad biológica por asociación, tratando de formular algunas condiciones teóricas para pensar el proceso de individualización colectiva. El punto de partida de nuestro análisis es el concepto de “transición evolutiva mayor”. Una transición evolutiva mayor es el resultado de la integración de un cierto número de entidades biológicas, inicialmente independientes, que logran organizar sus interacciones, convirtiéndose en un colectivo de componentes que tiene una identidad orientada hacia un objetivo común. Cuando se trata de organismos, una transición mayor corresponde a un fenómeno de fusión entre organismos que, a veces, pertenecen a linajes diferentes. Así, el surgimiento de un nuevo nivel de individualidad biológica implica el establecimiento de relaciones constitutivas entre los individuos que cambia su estatuto de entidades autónomas. Como resultado, la aparición de un nuevo tipo de entidad en el mundo viviente implica que los individuos entablen relaciones que los transforman intrínsecamente, una transformación suficiente para que un “todo” se convierta en una “parte” que forma otro “todo”, es decir; un nuevo nivel de organismalidad.

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